首先，我们必须定义的条款'名词'和'动词'，然后条款'否认'和'肯定'，然后'主张'和'判刑。口语词是精神的经验和文字的符号所说的话的象征。正如所有的人都有不一样的文字，因此，所有的人都有不一样的讲话声音，但是，这些精神的经验直接象征，是所有相同的，也是那些事情而我们的经验是图像。这件事，然而，在我的关于灵魂的论文进行讨论，因为它属于一个调查，从我们面前的是不同的。由于有在心中的想法不涉及真伪，以及那些必须为真或假，所以它在讲话。真理和谬误意味着结合和分离。名词和动词，只要没有什么补充，如不合并或分离的想法是，'人'和'白'，是孤立的条件，还没有真或假。为了证明这一点，认为这个词山羊雄鹿。它的意义，但没有关于它的真理或谬误，除非'是'或'不是'添加无论是在现在或在其他一些紧张。
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    First we must define the terms 'noun' and 'verb', then the terms 'denial' and 'affirmation', then 'proposition' and 'sentence.' Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words are the symbols of spoken words. Just as all men have not the same writing, so all men have not the same speech sounds, but the mental experiences, which these directly symbolize, are the same for all, as also are those things of which our experiences are the images. This matter has, however, been discussed in my treatise about the soul, for it belongs to an investigation distinct from that which lies before us. As there are in the mind thoughts which do not involve truth or falsity, and also those which must be either true or false, so it is in speech. For truth and falsity imply combination and separation. Nouns and verbs, provided nothing is added, are like thoughts without combination or separation; 'man' and 'white', as isolated terms, are not yet either true or false. In proof of this, consider the word 'goat-stag.' It has significance, but there is no truth or falsity about it, unless 'is' or 'is not' is added, either in the present or in some other tense.